Hunan Resource-Does motivation come from within a person or is it the Essay

Hunan Resource-Does inspiration originate from inside an individual or is it the aftereffect of the circumstance - Essay Example In any case, inspiration appears to excite out of any of the examined circumstances and it must be viewed as that inspiration can't be found in lion's share of the individuals as outside or inside impact all in all. Inspiration can be ordered into two sorts they are inborn and extraneous inspiration. Inherent inspiration are induce inside an individual because of variables, for example, risk, self-governance to act, ability to bring up and apply the aptitudes and an energy to confront testing works. Where as Extrinsic Motivation is made in individuals by outside impacts, for example, rewards, backing, sponsorship, underwriting and so forth. Nonetheless, the majority of the analysts watch Motivation as a conduct mediation affected shrivel by outer powers or powers required inside the individual. It is essential to examine the reasons each activity of individuals as that would help in giving the specific foundation for inspiration. The motivations to get roused could be outlined out at two levels they are, individual showing certain movement notwithstanding how these exercises occurred. There lies a foundation for each activity performed under inspiration. The foundation of inspiration may have originated from the impact two powers that may be either a positive or a negative power. Notwithstanding, any sort of inspired activity comprises an objective inside. For instance, Toates’s [1980, 1986] watched inspiration as including an objective situated example, in which a living being is roused to carry on with a specific goal in mind; this conduct may get changed totally after the life form accomplishes the objective. Accordingly, any persuaded conduct is an impact of certain conditions, which are required by the life form. Where as McFarland [1989] has a conflicting perce ption which says that inspiration affected by an objective would proceed significantly after the objective has been accomplished. From this perception, apparently McFarland’s thought about propelled activities results either from a

Hershey Company Essay

Conceptual The Hershey Company, referred to until April 2005 as the Hershey Foods Corporation and regularly called Hershey’s, is the biggest chocolate producer in North America. Its home office are in Hershey, Pennsylvania, which is likewise home to Hershey’s Chocolate World. It was established by Milton S. Hershey in 1894 as the Hershey Chocolate Company, an auxiliary of his Lancaster Caramel Company. Hershey’s items are sold in around sixty nations around the world. Also, Hershey is an individual from the World Cocoa Foundation. The organization has been topped to 384, contrasted and the past position 404, in 2013 (CNN, 2013). This paper is going to show the company’s worldwide condition, tests the qualities, shortcomings, openings and treats. Subsequent to examining the vital administration for traveling to another country and upper hands, the creator inferred that how the Hershey Company triumphs to offer the entire world’s satisfaction and what else can b e down to push ahead. Prologue to the Hershey Company The Hershey Company is the biggest chocolate and confectionary item maker in the North America Region. The Hershey Company Headquarters is situated in Hershey, Pennsylvania established by Milton Hershey. Milton S. Hershey in the late 1800s and the organization has been an immense incitement of development for Hershey, Derry Township (THEHERSHEYCOMPANY, 2011). As the new thousand years starts, The Hershey Company keeps on presenting new items much of the time and make the most of development openings through acquisitions. HERSHEY’S items are known and delighted on the planet over. Truth be told, the organization market, sell and appropriate our items in roughly 70 nations. The Hershey Company’s key market incorporates United States, Canada, Mexico, Brazil and China. As of year-end 2011, Hershey utilized 13,800 individuals and had combined net deals of $6.08 billion (THEHERSHEYCOMPANY, 2011). Hershey’s motto is carrying sweet snapshots of Hershey joy to the world c onsistently. The following are a portion of the Hershey Company’s well known brands: Hershey’s Chocolate Bar Almond Joy Unit Kat Hershey’s Kisses Reese’s Milk Duds Mr. Great bar Whoppers Hershey’s Mission â€Å"Our mission is to be an engaged food organization in North America and chose universal markets and a pioneer in each part of our business. We will likely improve our First situation in the North American ice cream parlor advertise, be the pioneer in U.S. chocolate-related staple items, and to assemble authority positions in chosen universal markets† (THEHERSHEYCOMPANY, 2011). Hershey’s Slogan is: Bringing sweet snapshots of Hershey bliss to the world consistently. To the partners, this implies: conveying quality shopper driven candy store encounters for all events to clients; winning with an adjusted and enabled association while having a fabulous time to representatives; building communitarian connections for productive development with clients, providers and accomplices; making feasible incentive for investors; respecting our legacy through proceeded with duty to having a beneficial outcome on networks (THEHERSHEYCOMPANY, 2011). Clients Full-time salespeople and food dealers offer our items to our clients. Hershey’s clients are essentially discount merchants, chain markets, and mass merchandisers, chain sedate stores, distributing organizations, discount clubs, comfort stores, dollar stores, concessionaires, retail establishments and regular food stores (THEHERSHEYCOMPANY, 2011). Worldwide Business Environment Analysis †SWOT Analysis 1. Qualities History and piece of the overall industry. The Hershey organization fares to 60 distinct nations incorporate Largest Distribution Network across North Americanâ territory. As per statistical surveying firm Euromonitor International, the worldwide candy parlor advertise sits at $160 billion, and has developed at 5% every year the previous five years. In the interim, the chocolate advertise in the United States is to a great extent a two-horse race between Hershey (43%) and privately owned business Mars, Inc. (31%). The following biggest contender, Nestle, holds just a 6% U.S. piece of the overall industry (Markman, 2012). Different Products and Attractions. The Hershey has 120 years history of chocolate business. The Hershey Company create different items such chocolate bars and sacks, licorice and sugar treats, boxed chocolate, mints and gum, and concentrated wholesome items. The Hershey Company has various Hershey’s Chocolate World attractions that furnish purchasers with th e Hershey experience through intuitive retail amusement and product. Key store areas incorporate Hershey, Pennsylvania; Times Square in New York City; The Magnificent Mile, Chicago; Niagara Falls, Canada; Shanghai, China; Singapore; and Dubai, United Arab Emirates (THEHERSHEYCOMPANY, 2011). Proficient Training for Employees. Hershey gives an assortment of preparing and advancement openings that empower their employees’ individual and expert turn of events. Hershey University is an instructive program that tailors its educational plan to Hershey’s advancing business condition, offering both homeroom guidance and online courses. Also, when explicitly applicable to their occupations, workers might be qualified for educational cost repayment for associate’s, bachelor’s and master’s degrees at certify establishments. Additionally, in July 2011 we propelled CocoaLinkâ„ ¢, a first-of-its sort program that utilizes portable innovation to convey practicalâ€and criticalâ€agricultural and social preparing to country co coa ranchers (THEHERSHEYCOMPANY, 2011). Good cause and social duty. Hershey is a commendable association as far as business morals and socialresponsibility; a critical piece of Hershey Food’s benefits go toward operatingthe Milton Hershey School for Orphaned Children. 2. Shortcomings Undesirable Nutritional Content. Contrast and Nestle and Mars’ chocolate bars, Hershey’s chocolate high in sugar. What's more, Hershey’s chocolate contain more than twice as much as a portion of the others (ACALORIECOUNTER, 2013). Unfortunate dietary substance will influence customers’ decisions of Hershey. Value expansion. Since 2008, Hershey Co. declared that it was raising its discount treats costs by 11%. This is the subsequent value bounce for them this year, in January they raised costs by 13% for select items in their line too (ACALORIECOUNTER, 2013). In 2011, The Hershey Company says it is raising discount costs by 9.7% on the vast majority of its treats items. Because of value expansion of milk and sugar, the cost of Hershey’s chocolate continues rising which lower Hershey’s chocolates’ serious capacity among its rivals. Low universal piece of the pie of chocolate confectionary industry. Hershey’s worldwide piece of the pie in the chocolate confectionary industry in just 10 percent, most reduced among its rivals 3. Openings Enormous Consume Market. 81% of families expend chocolate candy. China and India are tremendous undiscovered markets. Malaysia, Indonesia, Vietnam, and Thailand additionally are undiscovered, So, Hershey has the chance to increase a toehold in those Countries (THEHERSHEYCOMPANY, 2011). Ecologically Safety Products. There is another open door for Hershey to grow earth safe items and bundles, decreasing mechanical waste, reusing, and setting up a natural review process are systems that could profit Hershey. Non-chocolate confections Market. Another open door is that Hershey differentiates more into non-chocolate confections since that fragment is becoming most quickly in outside nations like U.S &U.K. Commemoration and Festivals. The Hershey’s Company should exploit the special seasons, for example, Valentine’s Day and commemoration. For instance, this years’ Valentine’s Day, MM let clients redid their chocolate on the web. Clients can include their phot os MM chocolates. What's more, they can get the shade of chocolates their like to join a blessing box. This development pulled in a great deal of clients. Good cause and Foundations. As we as a whole know, good cause and establishments will carry incredible notorieties to organizations. They can assist companies with building positive brand pictures which will increment brand’s deals. 4. Dangers Developing contenders. The principle contenders of Hershey Foods are Mars and Nestle. Mars is as of now a danger for Hershey, since Mars has a more grounded nearness than Hershey in Europe, Asia, Mexico, and Japan. Simultaneously, there are likewise numerous new contenders are entering chocolate market, for example, Whole food’s chocolate. Contrast and Hershey, Mars, and Nestle, Whole Food’s chocolate focus on sound chocolates. They give decision to the client needs low quick and natural chocolate. 25 percent of Nestl㠩’s incomes and benefits originate from espresso, and antagonistic financial events in South America, especially Brazil, influence the organization. Settle intends to keep on playing to its qualities, global markets outside the United States, to battle Hershey. Social Changes about Healthy Foods. With the advancement of Society and Technology, individuals increasingly more center their wellbeing and nourishment. We can discover increasingly more natural chocolate make showing up. Specialists and Researchers likewise have considers demonstrate that chocolates are useful to forestall heart maladies. In this way, an ever increasing number of clients pick solid chocolates, for example, dim chocolates and natural chocolates. Consistent cost increment of milk and sugar. The acceleration of costs of the principle fixings, for example, cocoa, milk and sugar has constrained organizations to expand costs. Key Management Factors for Going Global Close to the finish of 2010, Hershey’s went into an arrangement with Wal-Mart (known as Asda in the UK) to sell Hershey’s items in Europe. Hershey’s has never been so

Blog Archive Monday Morning Essay Tip Connect Your Long-Term Goals

Blog Archive Monday Morning Essay Tip Connect Your Long-Term Goals Many MBA candidates struggle to define their long-term goals. Although your short-term goals should be relatively specific, your long-term goals can be broad and ambitious. Regardless of what your short- and long-term goals actually are, what is most important is presenting a clear cause and effect relationship between them. The MBA admissions committee will be confused by a long-term goal that lacks grounding. Still, you should not interpret this to mean that you need to choose one industry and state that you will stay in it for your entire career. You can present any career path that excites youâ€"again, as long as you also demonstrate a logical path to achieving your goals. For example, many candidates discuss having ambitions in the field of management consulting. Could an individual with such aspirations justify any of the following long-term goals? A) Climbing the ladder and becoming a partner in a consulting firm B) Launching a boutique consulting firm C) Leaving consulting to manage a nonprofit D) Leaving consulting to buy a failing manufacturing firm and forge a “turnaround” E) Entering the management ranks of a major corporation The answer is yes! This candidate could justify  any  of these long-term goals (and many others), as long as he/she connects them to experiences gained via his/her career as a consultant. With regard to your goals, you need not feel constrainedâ€"you just need to emphasize and illustrate that your goals are logical, achievable and ambitious. Share ThisTweet Monday Morning Essay Tips

Intimate Partner Violence - 1364 Words

Cook: I dont want him to know I even called. You know what Im saying? Thats the thing. That triggers him when he knows I called. He tears the stuff up in my house.† Operator: â€Å"Well tell them, but theyre still going to contact you. Cook: Hes already tried to kill me three times. Im really just fed up with this. I cant keep moving and changing my life because of this [expletive].† Cook: â€Å"I’ve been going through this for five years with him. It’s still the same thing. I have complaints. If you look up my name, you’ll see there are a hundred thousand complaints, but ain’t nobody doing nothing.† Operator: â€Å"When was the last time you called police?† Cook: â€Å"Umm, two weeks ago, and they just tell me not to open my door. And all that.†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦The highest prevalence rate is 65.6% in the central region of Sub-Sahara Africa and lowest in eastern region of Asia with a 16.3% prevalence rate. Even at the lowest rate of occurrence, it can be seen as one in every ten women is being abused by their intimate partner. A Study on Factors Linked to IPV Understanding the reasons behind domestic violence can bring about predictors and help provide solutions for future education and deterrence. Intimate partner violence is not a one dimensional subject, most often, a victim is not being abused by a partner out of just emotional outbursts—there are many more factors that come into play when it comes to domestic violence. Abramsky et al., interviewed a total of 24,097 women from 10 different countries using standardized questionnaires—the countries of Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Japan, Namibia, Peru, Republic of Tanzania, Samoa, Serbia, Montenegro and Thailand. The questions asked were in regards to IPV with the women’s past and present partners, â€Å"whether they experienced specific violent acts, and if so whether this had happened in the 12 months preceding the survey† (Abramsky et al., 2011). The women’s answers were compared to one another for analysis and risk factors were deduced from associations wi thin the answered surveys. Factors such as low levels of education (from both the victim and the partner), history of abuse of theShow MoreRelatedIntimate Partner Violence1137 Words   |  5 PagesIntimate Partner Violence Today’s society contains an overwhelming amount of people â€Å"stuck† in abusive relationships. Why don’t they just pack up and leave one might wonder? Is this because they want to believe that people can change? It is a very disturbing issue, when the person that you are in â€Å"Love† with is the person inflicting so much pain on you. An outsider looking in a on a relationship of this sort will question why women that are victims of Intimate Partner Violence simply doRead Moreintimate partner violence1421 Words   |  6 PagesDecember 10, 2013 Intimate partner violence among cohabitating or married couples A part of human nature is to form relationships with others in our society. We form these relationships to preserve ourselves and the greater good of mankind. These relationships we as humans form , are supposed to be synergistic to both parties that are involved in said relationship. Unfortunately, twenty-two percent of women and seven percent of men have been victims of intimate partner violence over the course ofRead MoreIntimate Partner Violence1682 Words   |  7 PagesIntimate Partner Violence Intimate Partner Violence Look around. Can you spot them? She’s sitting next to you in class; she’s the lady that cashes your paycheck on Friday at the bank; she’s the nurse who gave you a tetanus shot; he’s the car salesman who sold you your car; he’s the guy your brother takes guitar lessons from; she’s the lesbian you met last week at the flower shop; he’s the gay guy who serves you pizza at the local pizzeria; maybe it’s your best friend, mother or father. UnfortunatelyRead MoreIntimate Relationship Of Intimate Partner Violence958 Words   |  4 Pages Intimate Partner Violence is a topic that I found highly interesting, due to knowing that in past relationships I have been a part of in the past. When I was 16 years old, I started my first serious relationship; at first I thought that it was a normal relationship. Until a Saturday night driving home, I got back handed in a vehicle for stating my opinion about raising our son; I had a swollen cheek and a cracked lip. He apologized immediately and said that it would never happen again, he was justRead MoreIntimate Partner And Sexual Violence1555 Words   |  7 PagesNational Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence 2010 survey, will provide statistical information on victims who experienced one or more violent crimes from their husband, wife, boyfriend or girlfriend. These crimes arrange from stalking, rape, to physical and mental abuse. It will examine the impact of intimate partner violence on gender, race, and ethnicity. This report will give an overview of health consequences and the implications for prevention for Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence. LastlyRead MoreIntimate Partner Violence And Women1166 Words   |  5 PagesIntimate partner violence (IPV) is described a psychological, emotional, sexual or physical harm to a person by their spouse or former partner (Breiding et al, 2015). National reports have revealed that about one in three women experience IPV (Sharron et al, 2015). Intimate partner violence is a growing epidemic in the United States. However, recent studies have focused on rural regions, such as Appalachia. A study conducted by Peek-Asa et al revealed that women in rural areas are more likely toRead MoreIntimate Partner Violence ( Tda )1654 Words   |  7 Pagesbegin with, Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) has been around for a very long time and it is still a present issue in the United States. There are many forms intimate partner violence such as, sexual, physical, emotional, and psychological. IPV occurs among all religious, socioeconomic, and cultural groups in the United States and other countries. As many people know intimate partner violence tends to come with consequences after the damage is done to the victim. Intimate partner violence does not justRead MoreIntimate Partner Violence And Sexual Violence2050 Words   |  9 PagesThis is a scholarly paper making focus on the very critical topic â€Å"Intimate Partner Violence†. Intimate Partner Violence has been considered to be as a significant public health problem in which various violence are included such as physical violence, sexual violence, stalking and psychological aggression getting by the aggrieved people from their current as well as future intimate partner. This problem has been considered as a very critical one as it impacts immediately and leaves the lifelong consequencesRead MoreWhat Is Intimate Partner Violence?1351 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is Intimate Partner Violence? If one has not lived through it, the meaning is unknown. When we hear the term, we tend to picture a woman covered in bruises. In reality, the damage is much worse. There is many long term effects that run deeper than the physical injuries (Giardino, 2010). Victims experience shame, isolation, detrimental physical and mental health consequences and financial stressor. This also causes dramatic effects on the families of the victims. This violence also affectsRead MoreDomestic Violence : Intimate Partner Violence2915 Words   |  12 Pages Domestic Violence: Intimate Partner Violence Healthy People 2020 Intimate partner abuse describes physical, sexual, and psychological harm by a current or former partner or spouse (Fanslow, McMahon, Saltzman, Shelley, 2002). Healthy people 2020 recognizes physical violence among intimate partners as a topic that should be addressed concerning injury and violence prevention in the United States (Healthy People 2020, 2014). Intimate Partner Abuse is an issue that often affects entire families

Persuasive Essay On Dress Code - 711 Words

Dress code is a controversial subject in a lot of schools. Dress code is a set of rules put into place to promote school safety and encourage a positive learning atmosphere where students are not distracted by their peers’ outfit choices (Daniels). This set of rules allegedly is put into place to stop the sexualizing of women by keeping them from wearing â€Å"suggestive clothing,† but what is suggestive clothing? Who defines what clothes are seen as â€Å"suggestive?† Dress code does more harm than good for students, therefore it should not be present in public schools. Dress code is considered constitutional because it promotes school safety. Although it may help censor what students wear, it also teaches them to conform rather than be unique.†¦show more content†¦She said, â€Å"I’ve never seen a boy called out for his attire even though they also break the rules (Zhou).† I will admit that I’ve seen boys get called out for their pants sagging or wearing hats, but I’ve never seen a male get called out for wearing shorts that are shorter than fingertip length or having to go to ISS because of their sagging pants. Why should females have to worry about their clothes being a distraction? Why should females have to cover up? Because if not, a male will sexualize them? Not only is dress code sexist, but it’s degrading. Dress code makes girls cover up and not wear what they feel confident in. It is restricting and is telling girls that they should be ashamed of their bodies because they cause a distraction and disrupt the class. Dress code teaches women that they cannot wear what they want because a man will sexualize them (Zhou). Once a person starts hearing how they can’t wear things because it is too suggestive, then that person starts losing confidence. If what a person wants to wear and feels confident in is too suggestive and inappropriate, then what can that person wear? â€Å"If schools want to teach respect, they need to give the message that it is unacceptable to blame a girl for being more developed and thus too distracting for her male classmates,† a grandmother, and retired preschool director, said after her elementary school granddaughter was sent to the principal’sShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Essay On Dress C ode733 Words   |  3 Pagesexcessively strict dress code.   While many people in private schools have complete uniforms to implement equality, being confined through a severe dresscode not only impaired my freedom of expression, but also the ability to grow into myself.   Ã‚  As an adult, I am expected to make choices for myself, present myself in a certain way, and how important I am depends on how unique I am.   Spending some of the most impressionable years of my life in a high school priding itself in a firm dress code, I feel as thoughRead MorePersuasive Essay Topics1228 Words   |  5 Pages101 Persuasive Essay Topics By: Mr. Morton Whether you are a student in need of a persuasive essay topic, or a teacher looking to assign a persuasive essay, this list of 101 persuasive essay topics should be a great resource. I taxed my brain to create this huge list of persuasive essay topics relevant to todays society, but I believe I am happy with the results. I appreciate any and all comments or feedback. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24Read MorePersuasive Analysis : Charlie And The Chocolate Factory736 Words   |  3 Pagesfactory is quite a popular novel, and due to its popularity, it was made into a movie in 2005.Since then it has been used to teach kids how to write persuasive essays.Now aside from the movie information, I need to say what form of storytelling is better and keeps us more entertained along with the fact this is my opinion.So we can get this persuasive essay train rolling.So after analyzing the film and the novel I have decided that the novel keeps us more engaged, entertained and is more useful to experienceRead MoreParents Responsibility1022 Words   |  5 PagesThis WebQuest is a follow-up lesson to consolidate what you have learnt about writing an argumentative essay. There are 2 components to this assignment: the Essay component and the Reflection component. Essay Component First, you are to research online on what an argumentative essay is all about, the grammatical features of an argumentative essay and how you should structure your argumentative essays. Secondly, you are to read the articles provided in this WebQuest and you are to figure out howRead MoreWhat I Learned At The English 110 Essay1125 Words   |  5 Pagesreceiving the prompt for a reflective research essay three, I began my writing process in a normal direction to starting an essay with simply brainstorming ideas. I started to think about which topic I d be most passionate writing about because for a shy person 1500 words is a lot to say about something you believe strongly in. When I was talking in class about possible research topics to Hunter and Marissa, I remembered last year I wrote a persuasive speech about tattoo stereotypes. I thought I dRead MoreDetroit s Convict Culture Has Shaped The Lives Of Many Young American Men1318 Words   |  6 PagesIn this essay, I will argue, Detroit’s convict culture has shaped the lives of many young American men in Detroit America. Through using structural power to create systemic interaction among society. By using id eological, economic, political and military power to shape public ideas and values through institutions like Detroit’s detention facility. The detention centre has both positive and negative effects on the convicts, designed to enforced cultural beliefs often different from one’s own cultureRead MoreEssay on Advertisement of Delicious Night1870 Words   |  8 PagesThere are many different methods to advertise. Most commonly used are: radio, leaflets, magazines, newspapers, internet and billboards. Brands use many different techniques to promote a product/service in order to notify a wider audience. In this essay I will be analyzing an advert of a perfume to see how it persuades the target audience to purchase the product. The advertisement I have studied takes the form of a poster although the product advertised is also promoted on billboards, magazinesRead MoreEssay on Exploration of the Different Aspects of Love in Poetry2022 Words   |  9 PagesUpon Julias Clothes by Robert Herrick (1591-1674). These poems cover lust, an aspect of love, and this was very controversial in the Victorian and Elizabethan times. Lust was very controversial in those times as it went against social codes and religion. Lust and desires are known for being part of the seven deadly sins. The subject of sex was a taboo and was not an overt subject of conversation. Poems such as The Ruined Maid also include the subject of a womansRead MoreThe Prologue and First Scene of William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet1974 Words   |  8 PagesThe Prologue and First Scene of William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet This essay will feature how different directors put the original text of Romeo Juliet into films using their own interpretations. In the prologue Shakespeare has given an insight into the play similar to a blurb on a book or a film trailer. The prologue sets the scene, In fair Verona (where we lay our scene), making the play more believable, as in Shakespeares time scenery would have beenRead Morejlok]1986 Words   |  8 Pagesin battle. The squire training would continue for approximately five years until he was deemed eligible for knighthood. The ceremony for knighthood could come from another knight, who would dress the squire in armor and dub him with a sword. The new knight would then follow a strict code of chivalry. Knights were known for intense loyalty for their lords and severe justice to those they battled. The court system in feudalism is still seen today, as many of the parts of the lords

The Great Gatsby By F Scott Fitzgerald - 1696 Words

In the book,â€Å"The Great Gatsby† by F Scott Fitzgerald is about a group of people set in Long Island. The main characters of this book is Nick,Tom,Daisy,Myrtle,George,and Jordan. However they appear in multiple area s except for The Valley of Ashes to where all the poor people live. For the most part however it is briefly set between East Egg and West Egg. East Egg is to where all the more older and classy,rich people live while West Egg is for the more new rich people that haven t completely gotten used to being rich and famous so they have not completely adjusted to the rich life and the way rich people are supposed to work and speak. In the Book, â€Å"The Great Gatsby† he uses this quote to compare the character life Gatsby â€Å"That was†¦show more content†¦After all the events with World War 1 and meeting Daisy. Gatsby decides to return to College in England to which he received a letter from Daisy stating that she had married a man to which is the character Tom, When Gatsby found that out he decided to do whatever he could do to win back daisy. This shows that there can be a huge difference between the rich and the poor, but he also uses character development to help show this by making Gatsby feel like lower and making him build his way up(Legally and Illegally) to meet what he thought was enough to be with Daisy and to make Tom the very wealthy and rich husband to which Gatsby always wanted to be. However, that is not all F Scott Fitzgerald uses the theme Outside Looking In. Meaning that there are some people that are inside the box and people outside the box as well and to what it seems most of the people that are on the Inside are from East Egg due to them being very wealthy while the Valley of Ash is the outside due to the fact that they are

Importance Of Cultural and Emotional Intelligence In A Business

Question: Discuss about the Importance Of Cultural Intelligence Emotional Intelligence In A Business. Answer: Introduction In todays growing era, it is important for the business process to gain the competitive edge in the market. So in order to expand the market, the company needs to focus on all the internal and external aspects present in global business environment. Apart from attainment of organizational objective financial, a business process shall also consider the environment of the organization. The report further provides an overview of the policies which the company can adopt in order to solve the multicultural tension present in themanagement system of the organization (Goleman, Boyatzis, and McKee 2013). It also provides the summary of two organizations from the presentation. Lastly, the report analyses the firms weakness to manage the multicultural issues and justified strategies which can help the organization to gain competence. Policy recommendation for multicultural issues in management of the company Multicultural issues refer to those issues which are faced in a company when they hold their business activities with other companies outside their geographical boundaries. Such issues are faced by themanagement of the organization when they collaborate with companies of foreign countries. Due to these issues the internal environment of the organization is disturbed resulting in negatively affecting the growth of the company. Workplace issues like high employee turnover, low productivity and low morale among employees are attracted with the company (Serrat 2017). As there is major difference between the culture of Australia and India, due to which many times the organization is unable to satisfy the employees of the both the unit due to which such problems occurs (appendices 1). It can also be regarded as the inefficiency of the company to adequately satisfy the requirement of all the employees of the company. Thus, the organization shall apply the below mentioned policies to solve t he multicultural issues of workplace (Druskat, Mount, and Sala 2013). Communication: The major problems of the company can solved through efficient communication in the organization. Communication is the best way to keep the employee interested in the workings of the organization. Apart from that the leader will easily get to know the issues which the employees are facing in the internal environment. Proper communication will also help people to create a friendly environment and adapt cultural differences as well (Dong, Seo, and Bartol 2014). Cross-cultural programs: cross-cultural programs help the employee to under the different community. With the help of his training they are abled too easily adopt the culture of other country in which they are working. This process also helps in learning the culture and language of different countries which helpss in initiating good communication as well. Pay for performance scheme: pay for performance or reward scheme shall be implemented in the company s that low morale and high employee turnover issues get dissolved. With the aid of this scheme employees gets to earn according to the work which they perform, if an employee perform better then they will get paid better or vice versa. Themanagement shall adopt this technique to resolve the issues. Informal group activities: the company shall hold informal parties with its employees so that they get easily settled in the different environment and they dont feel homesick. Union-management bond also initiates formal communication as well. Promote appreciation of cultural differences: with the aid of this process, it gets easy for the employees to sustain in the current environment in which they are working. Also appreciation will motivate the employees to work more resulting to increase in level of productivity of the organization (Ciarrochi, and Mayer 2013). Summary of McDonalds Company Cultural intelligence refers to the capability of an organization to relate with work and culture efficiently. This aspect helps an organization to initiate implementation of the objectives of the organization by fulfilling the cultural ethics as well. For an organization, cultural intelligence refers to the capabilities of the management to be intelligent enough to create a culture at the workplace which motivates the people and help them to achieve the targets (Legree, Mullins, and Psotka 2016). Talking about the company McDonalds, the company was originated in the year 1940 by Richard and Mauricee as a barbeque restraint. Later on they organized their company as a hamburger stand in 1948. In the current era McDonalds owns the market by serving 69 million customers per day. The company cultural promise is to initiate diversity in the workplace. Emotion intelligence along with organizational engagement is regarded as best for the growth of an organization as it improves both employee and organizational performance. Applying emotional intelligence in McDonalds, the company adequately integrated the emotional intelligence with the leadership skills of the organization. The company also identified the issues which caused low productivity and prioritized them according to their focus. McDonalds increased the emotional engagement by creating a people profit chain and fusion in different activities of the company. Also one of the major cultural issues is incivility which leads to loss of customers in the company. So lastly, it is suggested to McDonald that they shall focus on the soft skill training which will implement generation of greater productivity and less workplaces issues in the organization. Summary of Coca-Cola Company Emotional intelligence refers to the capability of the organization to analyze the requirements of the organization and then act accordingly. Adoption of emotional intelligence in an organization helps then to create goodwill in the target market (Mayer, Caruso, and Salovey 2016). Further talking about the coca cola company and emotional intelligence, the company engages in activities which make use of emotional intelligence at high level, also the company share happiness and satisfaction with their product in the market. Another aspect focused by the company is diversity, Coca-Cola adequately supplied their products in the market and recruited diversified workforce in their organization as well. Further it shall be taken into accounts that the three aspects that are cultural diversity, emotional intelligence and diversity affect the growth of the business in the global market. The Coco-cola is adequately serving its product in the market because the company offers its products according to cultural diversity resent in the market. Apart from that they also understand the emotions of the customers attracted with the product due to which they adequately satisfy the requirements of the customers. Diversity is also one of the factor due to which human resource management of the company is growing and providing efficient services in the market. People with different cultural values come together and initiate innovation in the product due to which Coke (product of coca cola) is highly demanded in the market. But diversity attracts a few drawbacks a well. Thus, the fact shall be taken into account that cultural intelligence, emotional intelligence and diversity are three factors whi ch can both positively and negatively affect the growth of the company in the global market (appendices 2). Analysis and justification of strategies The issue analyzed in the case is related to workforce management issues. Low morale of employees results to increase in high employee turnover and less productivity as well. Focusing on the core issue of the task, it shall be noticed that as the company has collaborated with many other companies around the global due to which they need to expand their customer base and employee base as well. Due to large and diversified human resource the company was unable to manage the workplace management in the system of the organization. Further the company shall implement the above mentioned strategies in the organization so that excellence is achieved by the company and issues are solved easily (Carson, Carson, and Birkenmeier 2016). From the analysis of the multicultural issue attracted with the company its company shall be solved with the use of adequate technological managerial measures so that the company achieves competence in the market. As recommended for the McDonalds the company, this company shall apply such tools in their organizational process so that growth is achieved (Schroeder, et. al., 2016). Initially the management shall segregate different tasks in groups and then align the duties to managers and employees of the organization. This will help the company to develop soft skill qualities in their process, apart from that aspect are neglected by the management many times can be considered under the soft skill process of the company (Gardiner, Baranski, and Funder 2016). This aspect looks at the multicultural issues which he organization faces, and make sure to solve them so that employee satisfaction in remain in place. Another strategy learned from the implementation of such strategy is the emotional intelligence; it is one or the major aspect due to which the growth of the organization is possible (Prada, et. al. 2016). Thus, this fact is justified that acceptance of the above mention two strategies can helps the employees of the organization to generate sustainability in the organization. With the initiation of soft skill training process all the issues related to employee turnover and retention can be solved by initiating higher satisfaction among them. Also the soft skill helps the company to focus on all the aspect relating to employees of the organization (appendices 3). This factor also motivates and involves the employees in the activities of the business process. Soft skills help in the company in forward to the technological changes of the organization as well (Sheldon, et. al., 2017). Lastly, it shall be said that the activities opt the management of the company is justified as it can adequately assist the company in archiving the target in the global business environment also it will help the company to remove the multicultural tension and issue related to communication gap a well (Khan, Pitts, and Williams 2016). Recommendations It is recommended to the company all the multinational companies to work in accordance to the cultural and emotional intelligence aspects present in the environment as they help to understand the market in a better way. Apart from that it also helps to keep the employees of the organization motivated. Also emotional intelligence is the best way through which an organization can understand the feelings of other country as well. This will help the company to maintain their activities in other countries and eliminate the cultural differences as well. Conclusion In the limelight of above mentioned events the fact that shall be taken in accounts is that multi-cultural tension is an important issue in the organization which shall be resolved by the management of the company on highest priority. Such issue affects the satisfaction level of the employees of the company due to which the efficiency level of organization is affect (Bleidorn, et. al., 2016). Thus, proper measure shall be taken in the organization to avoid such issues. Apart from that emotional intelligence plays a significant role in shaping future of the organization. So, concluding to all statement it shall be said that the organization need to adequately analyze the problem occurring in the internal and external environment of the organization and apply measures to solves them with the help of emotional intelligence then only they can achieve competence in the market. References Bleidorn, W., Arslan, R.C., Denissen, J.J., Rentfrow, P.J., Gebauer, J.E., Potter, J. and Gosling, S.D., 2016. Age and gender differences in self-esteemA cross-cultural window. Journal of personality and social psychology, 111(3), p.396. Carson, K.D., Carson, P.P. and Birkenmeier, B.J., 2016. Measuring emotional intelligence: Development and validation of an instrument. Journal of Behavioral and applied Management, 2(1). Ciarrochi, J. and Mayer, J.D., 2013. Applying emotional intelligence: A practitioner's guide. Psychology Press. Dong, Y., Seo, M.G. and Bartol, K.M., 2014. No pain, no gain: An affect-based model of developmental job experience and the buffering effects of emotional intelligence. Academy of Management Journal, 57(4), pp.1056-1077. Druskat, V.U., Mount, G. and Sala, F., 2013. Linking emotional intelligence and performance at work: Current research evidence with individuals and groups. Psychology Press. Gardiner, G., Baranski, E. and Funder, D., 2016. Cross-cultural Differences in Average Daily Behavior. International Journal of Psychology, 51, p.328. Goleman, D., Boyatzis, R.E. and McKee, A., 2013. Primal leadership: Unleashing the power of emotional intelligence. Harvard Business Press. Khan, T., Pitts, M. and Williams, M.A., 2016. Cross-cultural differences in automotive HMI design: a comparative study between UK and Indian users' design preferences. Journal of Usability Studies, 11(2), pp.45-65. Legree, P.J., Mullins, H.M. and Psotka, J., 2016. Comment: The ability model of emotional intelligence: Consistency with intelligence theory. Emotion Review, 8(4), pp.301-302. Mayer, J.D., Caruso, D.R. and Salovey, P., 2016. The ability model of emotional intelligence: Principles and updates. Emotion Review, 8(4), pp.290-300. Prada, M.R., Guzman, N.A., Celis, S., Huerfano, L.M. and Gallo, D., 2016. Differences in Perception of Health-Related Quality of Life Associates to Socioeconomic, Cultural and Housing Factors: Multilevel Analysis. Value in Health, 19(7), p.A361. Schroeder, A., Pennington-Gray, L., Donohoe, H., Kiousis, S. and Mandala, L., 2016. Do Cultural Differences Influence Tourists Likelihood to Seek Information Via Social Media in the Event of a Crisis?. Serrat, O., 2017. Understanding and developing emotional intelligence. In Knowledge Solutions (pp. 329-339). Springer Singapore. Sheldon, P., Rauschnabel, P.A., Antony, M.G. and Car, S., 2017. A cross-cultural comparison of Croatian and American social network sites: Exploring cultural differences in motives for Instagram use. Computers in Human Behavior, 75, pp.643-651.

Price Discrimination Essays - Marketing, Pricing, Microeconomics

Price Discrimination Define, discuss, and account for the existence of price discrimination. Compare and exemplify the first, second, and third degrees of such discrimination. Overview Price discrimination is the practice of setting different pricing formulas in different virtual markets, while still maintaining the same product throughout. The prices are based upon the price elasticity of demand in each given market. In more practical terms, that means that during "Ladies Night" at M.P. O'Reilly's, it costs more for me to have a beer than if I were a female simply because this particular saloon sees fit to charge members of the female species less as a means to draw more such females to the establishment on such a night. Price discrimination is rampant in many areas of the commercial and business world. Movie theatres, magazines, computer software companies, and thousands of other entities have discounted prices for students, children, or the elderly. One important note, though, is that price discrimination is only present when the exact same product is sold to different people for different prices. First class vs. coach in an airline (though sometimes just differing in how many free drinks you can get) is not an example of price discrimination because the two tickets, though comparable, are not identical. Price discrimination is based upon the economic premise and practice of marginal analysis. This conceptualization deals specifically with the differences in revenue and costs as choices and/or decisions are made. A good example is illustrated in the textbook by the Hartford Shoe Company model. The most important portion of the model, however, is on page 201. Here, it is calculated that if the company raises the prices of the shoes from $60 to $65, their revenue and number of shoes sold will shrink...but their actual profit margin will raise slightly due to that higher profit margin more than just offsetting in the loss in sales. Profit maximization is achieved neither where the number of products sold is the highest, nor where the price is the highest. Profitability Price discrimination is only profitable if and when the given target groups' price elasticity of demand differs to the point where the separate prices yield to profit maximization for each given group in question (where marginal revenue equals marginal cost). Groups that are more sensitive to prices, students and senior citizens for example, have a lower price elasticity of demand and are thus the ones that are often charges the lower prices for the identical goods or services. The key to price discrimination and utilizing it to fully compliment other economic practices, ultimately achieving the total profit maximization, is the ability to effectively and efficiently collect, analyze, and act upon data gathered about the different groups. First of all, the groups must be accurately identified and the differences between groups must be discerned ahead of time. Children, genders, and senior citizens are easily singled-out by appearance, while military personnel, college students, and other groups must carry some sort of identification. Firms typically will advertise the highest prices in publications, and then offer discounts to qualified groups. The three basic conditions for price discrimination to be effective are as follows: 1) Consumers can be divided into and identified as groups with different elasticities of demand. 2) The firm can easily and accurately identify each customer. 3) There is not a significant resale market for the good in question. First Degree Price Discrimination The premise behind the practice of first degree price discrimination is that the firm has enough accurate information about the end consumer that products can be sold each time for the maximum amount that the consumer is willing to pay. The two most prevalent examples of first-degree price discrimination are called "price skimming" and "all-or-none offers", both of which are described below. Skimming here refers to the demand function, as firms take the top of the demand of a given good to maximize profits on the per diem sale. This, of course, requires that the firm know the actual demand for the good that it produces. Furthermore, the firm must divide its customers into distinct, independent groups based upon their respective demands for the good. The firm wants to first sell to the group who will pay the highest price for the new product. It then reduces the cost slightly and sells to another group with only slightly less demand for the good. This process is replicated on numerous occasions until the marginal revenue dips to equal marginal cost. While this example may seem similar to other examples of price discrimination, it should be noted

a prayer for owen meany essays

a prayer for owen meany essays A Prayer for Owen Meany, written by John Irving in 1989, is a novel that delves into many sensitive areas of American culture. Among the most prevalent of these are religion, anti-war, and anti-Americanism. This novel raises many questions about America and its values and, in most cases, shows America as the enemy of its own people. The story takes place in a small New Hampshire town before and during the Vietnam War. Johnny Wheelwright, a Canadian immigrant, in retrospect, narrates the novel. Johnny befriends a boy named Owen Meany who among many other oddities is a tiny boy with a shrill voice. Owen is responsible, by means of a fluke foul ball, for the death of Johnnys mother. Owens parents, who are not very stable or supporting, give Owen the impression that he was a miraculous virgin birth and thus the tool of God. When the boys school decided to perform A Christmas Carol for the school play, Owen is cast (more appropriately, casts himself) as the Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come. While acting his part Owen faints on stage. Upon waking, Owen claims to have seen his name and date of his death on the prop tombstone. The two boys then go on to attend a private prep school together. It is here that Owen insists that Johnny help him with the shot. This is where Johnny lifts Owen up as he runs towards t he basketball hoop to complete a slam-dunk. As the two grow older they both attend college and Owen enrolls in the ROTC program. He does so because he believes that God had called him to fight in Vietnam and die saving a group of Vietnamese school children. Owen also believes that Johnny has no place fighting in Vietnam and decides to help keep him out of the senseless war. To do so, Owen devises a plan to cut of Johnnys trigger finger, thus making him ineligible for the draft. While at the airport in Arizona (where Owen was stationed) the two come upon some nuns caring for a group of ...

Leadership Exhibition (Mahatma Ghandi Coursework

Leadership Exhibition (Mahatma Ghandi - Coursework Example Gandhi left for London in 1888 to pursue law. He graduated three years later and went to South Africa to work as a lawyer. After staying in South Africa for twenty-one years, Gandhi went back to India. No one knows who killed him or why he was killed but he was eventually shot or assassinated one evening while going for evening prayers. Mahatma Gandhi the lawyer Accesed 6 March 2013, from http://binscorner.com/pages/l/life-in-pictures-mahatma-gandhi.html The life of Mahatma was an extraordinary life. He poked at the ancient Hindu religion, culture, and modern revolutionary ideas about politics and society (Kumar, 2008:65). An unusual combination of perceptions and values. Gandhi’s life was full of contradictions. He was portrayed as a gentleman and people saw him as a god and a mystical person. Additionally Gandhi was a man of great determination. This report therefore seeks to demonstrate that good leadership can be assembled not only through the usual cunning game of politic al maneuvers but through the cogent example of a morally superior conduct of life Charismatic leadership style of Mahatma Gandhi Mahatma Gandhi preaches to a group of people. Accesed 6 March 2013, from http://binscorner.com/pages/l/life-in-pictures-mahatma-gandhi.html Gandhi is generally considered as one of the most influential world leaders, and today’s leaders should follow Mahatma Gandhi’s footsteps. As such, scholars have considered his leadership style as charismatic. First, Gandhi was a very wise man and so should every leader be. Through his wisdom, he managed to gather followers and caused changed without use of any external power. This utilization of wisdom is evident when Gandhi realized that India had an inferior army compared to that of the British army (Vanderhook, 2011:10). With so much passion to liberate India, Gandhi opted for a non-violent resistance method by leading a massive non riot campaign to boycott British products (Rivera, 2007:23). Unlike o ther leaders who would have asked for military help from neighboring countries, which would have definitely led to war. Second, Gandhi had a set mind or determination and he targeted India’s independence as his main goal. He strategically and humbly challenged the British colony until he finally achieved his goal by freeing India from British colonial rule. It took a long time but Gandhi’s wish came to pass. Contrary to other leaders who do not have progressive plans for their people or country, leading to lack of economic growth and prosperity in general. Third, Gandhi taught people about their basic and constitutional rights (Rivera, 2007:31). This was when he went to South Africa to work as a lawyer and realized that Indians living in the country were very oppressed and discriminated. Gandhi, being a courageous leader performed his role of teaching the Indian migrants about their rights as foreigners. Not all leaders’ posses this kind of boldness because most leaders restrain themselves from such matters for fear of persecution. Mahatma Gandhi gives a speech. Accesed 6 March 2013, from http://binscorner.com/pages/l/life-in-pictures-mahatma-gandhi.html The other note is that a leader should be honest not only to his people, but also to himself or herself. Gandhi demonstrated this modesty when he did not talk to his wife

Individual assinment of leveraging information technology for business Essay

Individual assinment of leveraging information technology for business advantage - Essay Example Less time is wasted with e-tickets for both consumers and producers. E-tickets save many ticket-issuing steps and thus the process speed is faster for every passenger. Airlines not only save paper ticket costs but also operating costs. Travel agents also save time by skipping the process of printing paper tickets for the consumers. Consumers, on the other hand, spend less time waiting in line for check-ins. One only needs to provide a photo ID at the airport to get the boarding pass directly, without any busy paper work. Alternatively, and more efficiently, one can simply do advance check in online at home and print the boarding pass on the day of travel. For business people on tight schedules, this would be extremely convenient. They would no longer have to worry about having not enough time to wait in long lines to do check-in. Also, with unusual yet unpreventable circumstances such as airline strikes, airlines and travellers are better off with interlining e-tickets: no more delay ed flights or significant loss of profit during strikes (e-ticketing n.d para 2). It also does away with the fear of one’s ticket being lost or stolen. Like paper ticketing, e-ticketing is a way of documenting a sale, both for the passenger and for the airline. But rather than paper, the e-ticket uses a database to track the sale and use of tickets – and the database is stored and updated by the validating airline. All subsequent ticket transactions – including refunds, exchanges, check-in, void and settlement – involve this holding database. Those airlines not adapting to e-ticketing by the end of 2007 risk a number of serious disadvantages. They will not be able to sell through key third-party e-commerce providers (such as Expedia and Travelocity), they will be at a competitive disadvantage as a result of the continued high costs associated with paper tickets and settlement, and they will be more exposed to paper ticket fraud (The Smart Route to

Motivation Letter Essay Example for Free

Motivation Letter Essay Motivation Letter Application For Studying In University Paul Cezanne Aix Marseille To whom it may concern: In addition to all my documents provided, I would like to take this great opportunity to write a motivation letter to clarify my main reason that drives me to study in University Paul Cezanne Aix Marseille. After graduation from _____ University major in Industry International Trade, I acquired knowledge in an extensive business area, for example, accounting, finance, international trade, corporate management, law etc. I worked at Credit Control department at Accenture Consulting Company for around 2 years. My responsibility includes providing customer service to UK clients, collecting overdue debt, applying cash payments, making financial adjustments and analyzing credit status for customers. My interpersonal skills improved greatly and English skill was polished as well through daily contact with British customers. Currently I have been worked as assistant product manager at Golden Label 5 International Trade Company. My responsibilities are to communicate with the sales team, the distributors and the promotional girls in order to motivate them and to let them be more and more aware of our brands images to manage efficiently the existing marketing tools to participate in the development of new marketing tools and participate in the development of the promotions for the day market. I believe that my current working experience is the main reason that drives me to study in France. By choosing to study University Paul Cezanne Aix Marseille there are a few advantages that I can achieve my goal: My current job is to assist my French boss (marketing director) to communicate with the sales team, the distributors and the promotional girls in order to motivate them and to let them be more and more aware of our brands images. Meanwhile boost and maintain our brand image. In order to cooperate better with my boss, I started to learn French since last June. Although we still discuss in English during daily life, my French language does help me a lot when I explain some authentic French traditional wines and spirits knowledge to customers. I know more and more about French, French culture, French wine, etc. And I believe that what I will obtain in University Paul Cezanne Aix Marseille give me a global view of International corporate management and have a multi-culture background. France is a multicultural country, and University Paul Cezanne Aix Marseille is a well-known multicultural university. I can learn how to interact within different cultures to improve my interpersonal skills. I also can build up a network that comprises friends from different countries and areas. France has good relationship with China. And now China is becoming certainly the biggest potential market for France. With my multi- culture background and French experience and skills, when I have completed study in France and returns China, I can participate into the development of business cooperation or any other relationship. In short, by choosing to study in University Paul Cezanne Aix Marseille, I will benefit greatly from the extraordinary experience for building up my professional career, and I will help to build China, my motherland, into a well-managed market economy country. I am looking forward that my application can be assessed and approved at your earliest convenience! Kind Regards Li

Free Essay - Nora in Act 1 in Ibsens A Dolls House :: Dolls House essays

The Character of Nora in Act 1 of A Doll's House The character of Nora, of Isben's A Doll's House, is particularly difficult to interpret. Her character is constructed by the combination of a number of varying traits.  Ã‚   Throughout Act 1 her ambiguity is particularly prominent. Her frivolous, playful moments are readily followed by moments of practicality and astuteness. It is not surprising that Nora is such a changeable character for she is constantly interchanging between three main roles: a supporting wife, fundamental mother and sexual being. Ibsen uses the metaphor of a doll inside a doll house to portray Nora's attempt to become an individual while confined inside a male dominated world. Her wish to become self motivated is obstructed by Torvald's power over her.   Nora's home is the realization of domestic bliss, preserved and presented like "A Doll's House." Lacking experience of life in the real world and oblivious to the outdoor hardships, Nora is vulnerable. She enters muffled in protection from the outside, portrayed symbolically through her coat, scarf etc. Immediately, Nora appears childlike and coquettish. She orders Helene in an excitable tone to hide the Christmas tree as the children "mustn't see it till tonight." Nora's secretiveness   in wanting to hide the tree, extends further, and is a constant theme. Following Torvald's light- hearted interrogation with regard to whether she has had any macaroons, she becomes nervous and lies, "No Torvald, I promise...No No...Torvald I swear." Of course, this is particularly important as the entire play rotates around Nora's "big secret."   With the entrance of Krogstad, Nora's sense of fun abandons her. Her attempt to enforce her social superiority over him is genuinely intimidated. In her ambitious attempt to be superior she states "one isn't without influence". However, within moments she is forced into pleading "Mr. Krogstad, I don't have any influence." Nora's stereotyped roll as a doll confined to a doll's house constantly being fathered by Torvald encourages her childlike manner. However an entirely different contradicting side to Nora's character is revealed when Nora explains exactly what she did "for Helmer".   Although Nora is a woman who shirks or is probably unaware of her responsibilities (particularly with regard to her children who are under permanent care of Ann- Marie) here she has, apparently, fulfilled something of her duty as a wife.   Her personal attitude to her action, which in her mind saved "Torvald's life" is very childlike.

Manage Under Uncertainty

University of Newcastle October 2012 [Yellow Auto Case Study] [GSBS6001 Individual Assignment] [By: Shih Yun Lin (3172398)] Executive Summery Managers are constantly faced with critical decisions that will heavily impact on the company’s competitive ability and profitability. This report will analyse the critical decisions made in the case study The Change Story of Yellow Auto Company from a sociologic decision making perspective.The case study presents four main decisions which are: increase of market share, change in decision management style, clarify job description and invest greater time and money in human resources. The analysis of these decisions centres on the relationships between employees and managers and the positive and negative attributes of group decision making. The case study demonstrates that the decisions made by Yellow Auto have been successful in achieving the organisational objective of an increase in market share and an improved human resources quality.R ecommendations have then been made in order to improve the company’s future decision making process including: a more consultative decision making process for high risk decisions, a hybrid management style, a different set up for job descriptions and quality management for human resources activities. Table of Contents Executive Summery2 Introduction3 Critical Decisions4 Increase of Market Share4 Change in Management Style5 Clarify Job Descriptions6 Invest Greater Time and Money in Human Resources6Recommendations7 Conclusion9 Reference List10 Introduction Companies must constantly make critical decisions in order to choose strategies in order to gain a competitive advantage or keep up in the rapidly evolving market. The factors influencing decisions and the relative advantages and disadvantages can be viewed from multiple perspectives. This report will analyse the decisions made in the case study The Change Story of Yellow Auto Company from a sociologic decision making perspec tive.The sociological perspective focuses on the patterns of social relationships, interaction and culture and how this impacts on the company’s decision making process. Various critical decisions have been made in this case study including: Increase of market share, change in decision management style, clarify job description and invest greater time and money in human resources. These decisions have all strongly impacted the company and will continue to impact it in the future.These decisions will be explored with a sociological focus, discussing positive and negative attributes of each decision. Recommendations will then be explored in regards to how the company can improve their decision making in the future. This case study report is based on credible research retrieved from published books and accredited journals obtained from the internet. Critical Decisions Increase of Market ShareThe first critical decision in the case study is the goal set in 2001, to increase Yellow Auto’s market share to 50%. This goal has been derived by the top managers alone and without any input for from the middle managers or front line staff. The managers believe the only way to achieve this goal is through an improvement in the human resource quality. There are many sociological factors in this decision including autocratic management style and small group decision making.Firstly Yellow Auto’s management style is comparable with that of McGregor’s Theory X management style in which top management makes all the decisions and maintain a strict control over the business (Mathis, 2010). This decision making and enforcing style can be effective due to the nature of small group decision making, in which smaller groups are able to reach consensus more easily. This is due to it being a more timely approach as lower number of people correlates to a reduced number of differing opinions and an increase in the participation of all members.The group is then abl e to work out the differences in points of view and come to an agreement. The communication flow from this point is then one way as determined by the autocratic style and the decision can be implemented throughout the rest of the organisation. There are also many negative attributes with the style of decision making however as the subordinates of Yellow Auto have not been included in the decision making process they may not be as motivated to implement the decisions made by the top managers.This is exacerbated in the case study as this decision to increase the market share of the company is risky due to the economic situation in Turkey. Turkey had experienced a financial crisis in both 2000 and 2001 the latter being ‘particularly far reaching in terms of its impact, resulting in a major collapse of output and employment’ (Onis, 2006). Accepting this level of risk without the consult of other employees can increase uncertainty within the company and cause employees to fe el segregated from the company.Furthermore the use of a small group in this decision making process has the potential of experiencing the Abilene paradox (Harvey in Teale, 2003:290) in which some top managers may not voice their concerns to avoid being discredited or appear to lose faith in the organisation. In order to identify and address these potential issues management of Yellow Auto decided to work with academics in the implementation of this decision. Change in Management Style Following an audit from the external consultants they proposed that the utocratic management style currently in use is a barrier preventing the company from achieving their goal of an increase in market share. Accepting this advice, the top management of Yellow Auto change to a more democratic management style opening systems of communication and the development of trust in employees throughout the organisation. This changes the group structure of Yellow Auto as where previously employees could be cons idered part of Scott’s out status, they have now have the opportunity to move up to the fringe status or actively participate as a primary set member (Scott in Harrison 1999:222).This leads to increased motivation with employees and gives them a greater connection to the company. By increasing the amount of people participating in decision making, Yellow Auto are able to utilize the diverse human resources that they have in order to generate more creative ideas and solutions to issues the company has. There are downsides into an increased group size however as reaching a consensus with more people is much more difficult. There is also an increase in the time it takes to make a decision and leads to unproductively and can create divisions within the company.Clarify Job Descriptions Another critical decision made in the case study is to interview all employees in order to analyse their jobs and clarify their job descriptions. This was completed due to employees stating that the ir responsibilities were not clear and authority and relationships were not clearly defined. Upon completing the analysis it was observed that some of the tasks between managers and employees were overlapping and steps were introduced in order to distinguish between tasks and develop more comprehensible job descriptions.By distinguishing and identifying employee’s roles, the relationships between the employees are explained and can lead to better understanding of authority and improve communication throughout the organisation (Mathis, 2010). It also prevents particular roles from overlapping and can ensure that the right employee is completing the necessary job. While ensuring that job descriptions are up to date and clearly defined this can also have some negative implications for the company. Firstly in order to complete this is very costly and time consuming.It can then freeze the job, preventing it from evolving and result in a lack of flexibility and remove initiative fr om the employee. By describing the responsibilities of the employees it reinforces the boundaries of responsibility and can lead to the ‘it's not my job’ (Mathis, 2010) reflex. Invest Greater Time and Money in Human Resources The final critical decision made in the case study was to invest greater time and money into human resources. This decision has a heavy focus on sociology with the relationship between employees and an emphasis on communication.Yellow Auto hired new staff to fit the right jobs and invested heavily in their training. Training included individual aspects such as interpersonal skills, time and stress management as well as group sessions which increase coordination and communication and team spirit. These training methods and exercises focus on building the characteristics of effective groups including: cohesion, group roles, norms, conformity and interaction (Ayson, 2012). Cohesion is created through the team building activities and the job descriptio ns which also lead to an understanding of the roles and norms of the group.This allows for group activities to be conducted in an acceptable manner with each member of the group knowing how to act and what duties they must perform. This creates an environment in which the employees can work together easily without confusion and make decisions as well as perform their individual tasks to an acceptable standard. These characteristics also have negative attributes and can encourage groupthink, where ‘independent critical thinking and objective moral judgment will be suspended in deference to group norms and in observance of group consensus’ (Harrison, 1999:184).Setting particular roles may also create a reliance on particular group members and if they are not present or leave, then the group suffers and is not able to operate without the person carrying out their tasks. A similar issue that is present with these three characteristics is the reduction in innovation as the g roup has set standards of behaviour and expectations the need or ability to generate innovative responses is reduced. Lack of innovation and individual thinking is also an issue with conformity.In order to demonstrate that the group is performing well and in order to reduce conflicts, individuals conform to the group’s suggestions and decisions (Popova, 2012). While this may be beneficial in the sense of reaching decisions and working cooperatively in order to achieve goals, it limits the effectiveness of the group and the results of the group could be the same as that of an individual. Another positive aspect of Yellow Autos investment in human resources is the group interaction achieved through this program.As the employees train and work together communication and teamwork skills are improved which results in a greater ability of the group to work together in order to achieve organisational goals. It also allows employees to understand how to use each individual’s s kills and abilities in order to improve the decision making process and produce superior outcomes. Recommendations The decisions made and the decision making process in the case study are open to criticism.The result of these decisions however demonstrates that the correct steps were taken in order to achieve and exceed the organisations goal of an increase in market share to 50%. In light of the success of Yellow Autos decisions there are still various recommendations that can be made including: a more consultative decision making process for high risk decisions, a hybrid management style, a different set up for job descriptions and quality management for human resources activities.. Firstly the decision to increase market share to 50% was a high risk decision which had potential to highly negatively impact the company.Due to the nature of this decision as high risk and potential impact to the majority of employees Yellow Autos managers should have not made this decision alone. Ins tead this should have been a consultative process with employees and academics to discuss the potential impacts and rewards of the decision. This will lead to motivation for the employees as they have been a part of this decision as well as increase in commitment to the company as the employees can feel valued by the organisation as they are playing an active role in its future (Teale, 2003).Secondly, the company’s management style began as autocratic and then changed to democratic at the request of the academics. Yellow Auto should not just use one management style, but a hybrid of the two in order to effectively make and enforce decisions. By using a hybrid management style the top managers can decide the level of employee consultancy depending on the nature of the decision and its affect on the company and employees.This will ensure that the right amount of employee contribution and new ideas are gathered as well as coming to a timely and efficient solution. Another recomm endation is how the job descriptions are set. While ensuring tasks are not overlapping and there is an understanding of employee’s roles and responsibilities are necessary, the job descriptions should not be written in a way that restricts the employee’s activities or discourages flexibility and initiative.Finally with the heavy investment in human resources Yellow Auto needs to ensure that these activities are quality controlled and that the group interactions and decision making activities are effective. For example this means that issues such as conformity need to be addressed and such as demonstrated in the Asch Paradigm in which managers can encourage individuals to speak up, which then in turn enables other employees to snap out of conformity (Popova, 2012). ConclusionA number of critical decisions have been raised in the case study including the decision to increase market share, change in management style, clarify job description and invest greater time and mon ey in human resources. The decision making process involved in reaching these decisions and the potential positive and negative outcomes have been analysed from a sociological perspective. The case study has demonstrated that these decisions have yielded the desired result of an increase in market share and had many other benefits towards the company.Even so various recommendations have been made in order to improve Yellow Autos decision making process and improve the successfulness of the company. Reference List Ayson, S. (2012). Managing Under Uncertainty: Sociology of Decision Making, Lecture Slides. Harrison, F. (1999). The Managerial Decision-Making Process. 5th Ed. Houghton Mifflin Mathis, R. (2010). Human Resource Management 13th Edition. South-Western Cengage Learning Onis, Z. (2006).Beyond the 2001 Financial Crisis: The Political Economy of the new Phase of Neo-Liberal Restructuring in Turkey. Retrieved October 19, 2012, from http://www. cesran. org/Dosyalar/MAKALELER/ZIYA_ ONIS_Beyond_the_2001_financial_crisis. pdf Popova, M. (2012). Elevator Groupthink: A Psychology Experiment in Conformity, 1962. Retrieved October 19, 2012, from http://www. brainpickings. org/index. php/2012/01/13/asch-elevator-experiment/ Teale, M. (2003). Management Decision-Making: Towards an Integrated Approach. Pearson

Pride and Prejudice Hardships of Women in the 19th Century

Women of the 19th century experienced severe hardships. Elizabeth Bennett’s experiences demonstrated the life of women who where pressured to conform to society’s expectations. After breaking down barriers women today have the freedom to express themselves, be educated and prosperous, and most important of all live without restrictions. â€Å"Pride and Prejudice,† written by Jane Austin, portrays the protagonist of the novel through the eyes of the author. Issues of marriage, class mobility, conforming, and restrictions to marrying, only account for some hardships faced by Elizabeth and other characters throughout the novel. Throughout the novel, characters where faced and forced to overcome obstacles of love. Views of marriage differed†¦show more content†¦Times where hard and women relied on men to be the sole provider leaving women to take care of the household, not having the option to ever be successful nor independent. The importance of marrying wealthy was a key factor to women as stated by Colonel Fitzwilliam, â€Å"out habits of expense make us too dependent, and there are not many in my rank of life who can afford to marry without some attention to money† (Austen 158). Although, it was the norm to marry rich Darcy’s’ views also differed from that of the society’s, his true feelings are revealed through a letter he writes to Elizabeth telling him why he separated her sister Jane from Mr. Bingley stating, â€Å"Bingley’s attention to your sister had given rise to a general expectation of their marriage. 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